polyurethane uv degradation

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• December 11, 2022

65, 27942797. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02773-17, Das, G., Bordoloi, N. K., Rai, S. K., Mukherjee, A. K., and Karak, N. (2012). A perspective on novel polyurethane materials with desired structures and properties combined with exceptional stability is also provided. (2016). Agents known in industry as UV stabilizers, blockers, and absorbers can mitigate the damaging effects of UV exposure. Copyright 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. doi: 10.1038/463435a, Gonzalez, C. F., Taber, W. A., and Zeitoun, M. A. Metab. Some microorganisms with the ability to degrade petro-polymers under in vitro conditions have been isolated and characterized. 26, 1850918519. (2020b). doi: 10.1128/mBio.00570-17, Wei, R., Oeser, T., Barth, M., Weigl, N., Lbs, A., Schulz-Siegmund, M., et al. Sci. doi: 10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00125-6. The alkB gene was cloned in Pseudomonas sp. Microbial degradation of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) (adapted from Austin et al., 2018). (2018b). doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01464.x, Arkatkar, A., Juwarkar, A. 95, 10111021. Aerobic biodegradation of polymers in solid-state conditions: a review of environmental and physicochemical parameter settings in laboratory simulations. 114, 202208. Environ. Environ. 60, 471480. Owen (London: Elsevier Applied Science Publication), 81136. Calorimetric and thermogravimetric studies of UV irradiated polypropylene/starch-based materials aged in soil. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.02.034, Yang, Y., Yang, J., Wu, W. M., Zhao, J., Song, Y., Gao, L., et al. doi: 10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00212-2, Zuchowska, D., Steller, R., and Meissner, W. (1998). In all cases, the activity and thus the hydrolysis toward PET was enhanced compared to the wild-type enzyme, which did not possess a hydrophobic binding-domain for a targeted polymer degradation. Polym. 32, 539567. 87, 17531764. Int. According to the chemical structures of organic UV stabilizers, they can be divided into three categories: benzotriazoles, benzophenones, and hindered amine light The ester bonds in petro-plastic polymers are the same as ester bonds in other polyester polymers, and enzymes that cleave ester bonds are known as esterases. Sci. (2018). Biodegradation of thermally oxidised polyethylene. (2014). Food Technol. (2013). YP1 from the gut of Plodia interpunctella (Indianmeal moth). New evidences of accelerating degradation of polyethylene by starch. Appl. The identification and genetic engineering of these plastic-degrading microorganisms and/or enzymes will provide an opportunity to improve plastic recycling and thereby reduce environmental plastic pollution by means of assimilation of plastic waste into carbon source or degradation of plastics waste into valuable alkane products via microbial biotechnology. 30, 29. The aim of this work is to evaluate the changes in compression properties of a bio-based polyurethane foam after exposure to 90 °C for different periods of time, and to propose a method to extrapolate these results and use a numerical approach to predict the compression behaviour after degradation for untested conditions at different (2009) reported improved biodegradability of foamed PS when Co and Mn based prooxidant additives were used. S0964-8305(98)00067-5 doi: 10.1016/S0964-8305(98)00067-5, Sahebnazar, Z., Shojaosadati, S. A., Mohammad-Taheri, M., and Nosrati, M. (2010). Biodegrad. However, as discussed above, some microorganisms can degrade certain polymers, under certain conditions. (2017) revealed that extracellular mechanisms leading to enzymatic oxidation and hydrolysis of chains of PE polymers are also significant They documented oligomers production with maximum 55 carbons (molar mass of 105850 g/mol) from PE films that adsorbed by bacteria after 240 days of incubation. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00896-10. Hydrolysis of polyethyleneterephthalate by p-nitrobenzylesterase from Bacillus subtilis. The present and future of microplastic pollution in the marine environment. Yang, S.-S., Wu, W. M., Brandon, A. M., Fan, H. Q., Receveur, J. P., Li, Y., et al. An overview on biodegradation of polystyrene and modified polystyrene: the microbial approach. Polym. (2015). Test. Mater. 42, 213220. Discoverers of polypropylene share prize. Sci. Biodegrad. A variety of bacterial strains were able to use polyester-polyurethane polymers as carbon, nitrogen and energy source for growth, e.g., P. aeruginosa (Kay et al., 1991), Corynebacterium sp. as binding specifications. J. Biotechnol. was accelerated in the presence of cellulose with PVC as a carbon source, suggesting co-meatbolims of PVC with the cellulose (Kaczmarek and Bajer, 2007). The ubiquity of gut-microbe dependent depolymerization and biodegradation of PS in T. molitor has been confirmed by multiple researchers (Yang et al., 2018a, b, 2021). However, under certain conditions polyurethane elastomers undergo degradation, resulting in modified properties during usage or even complete failure. 38, 863869. strain TY2 was isolated from the gut of T. molitor larvae (Yang et al., 2015b) while Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain DSM 50071 (Kim et al., 2020) was isolated from Z. atratus. Thus, mechanisms of petro-plastic degradation can be classified into three groups: (i) Polymers with carbon back-bones; (ii) Polymers with ester-bond back-bones and side-chains; and (iii) Polymers with hetero/carbamate(urethane) bonds. The biodegradation pathways utilized by these two groups are significantly different (Wei and Zimmermann, 2017). Subsequent oxidation reduces the number of carbonyl-groups and generates carboxylic acids; (2) Biofragmentation, which involves hydrolysis and/or fragmentation of the polymer carbon chains and the release of intermediate products, mediated by enzymes secreted by microorganisms; (3) Bioassimilation, whereby small hydrocarbon fragments released by biofragmentation are taken-up and metabolized by bacteria or fungi. Environ. 110, 25812590. Curr. Technol. (2017). (2019). Biodegrad. Pollut. 10:489. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00489, Yang, J., Yang, Y., Wu, W. M., Zhao, J., and Jiang, L. (2014). doi: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.12.004, Ojeda, T., Freitas, A., Dalmolin, E., Pizzol, M. D., Vignol, L., Melnik, J., et al. Environ. 95, 623633. (2011). This review has discussed the microorganisms and enzymes reported to biodegrade these synthetic polymers. (2015) reported the complete genome sequence of Bacillus sp. 37, 6979. Sci.Technol. doi: 10.1126/science.175.4027.1240, Caskey, W. H., and Taber, W. A. 30, 176179. (Bonhomme et al., 2003; Gilan et al., 2004; Fontanella et al., 2010), and Pseudomonas spp. Mar. Total Environ. Marine microbe-mediated biodegradation of low- and high-density polyethylenes. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01495, Kim, M., Hyun, S., and Kwon, J.-H. (2015). Appl Microbiol Biotech. Degrad. Neufeld, L., Stassen, F., Sheppard, R., and Gilman, T. (2016). Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.12.005, Shah, M. M., Barr, D. P., Chung, N., and Aust, S. D. (1992). Polym. doi: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.06.012, Jumaah, O. S. (2017). Functional characterization and structural modeling of synthetic polyester-degrading hydrolases form Thermomonospora curvata. Mater. (2017). Biodeterior. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.01.043, Decker, C. (1984). 24, 798803. In addition, the engineered strain enables conversion of EG to medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs) (Mohanan et al., 2020). NSERC Discovery grants are operating grants that enable academic researcher to pursue lead-edge research and include a small allocation of funds of publication of research results in international, peer-reviewed journals. It is suggested that the build-up of hydrophilic groups in the coating during coating degradation promoted water absorption into the coating system, then the alternating dry and wet environment caused the formation of osmotic cells and thus blisters on the coating surfaces. 57, 793804. Role of the intestinal microbiome in low-density polyethylene degradation by caterpillar larvae of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella. Cutinases (EC 3.1.1.74) are a sub-class of esterase enzymes that have gained importance because of their ability to hydrolyze polyesters with a high molar mass (Chen et al., 2013). Biodegradation of polyethylene mulching films by a co-culture of Acinetobacter sp. Biodeterior. The pretreatment techniques involved -irradiation (Iwamoto and Tokiwa, 1994), UV-irradiation (Huang et al., 2005; Kaczmarek et al., 2005; Sameh et al., 2006), or thermal treatment (Ramis et al., 2004) and have been shown to reduce the hydrophobicity of the polymer or introduces groups such as C=O or OH, which are more susceptible to degradation. Microbiol. Microb. doi: 10.1016/S0964-8305(02)00120-8, lvarez-Hernndez, C., Cairs, C., Lpez-Darias, J., Mazzetti, E., Hernndez-Snchez, C., Gonzlez-Slamo, J., et al. the Polymer Selector including but not limited to material suitability, material 101, 22912303. Ubiquity of polystyrene digestion and biodegradation within yellow mealworms, larvae of Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). doi: 10.1002/bit.24930, Hidalgo-Ruz, V., Gutow, L., Thompson, R. C., and Thiel, M. (2012). doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02301. The biodegradation mechanisms of petro-plastics are likely related to the types of bonds in the polymeric chains (since the active sites of related enzymes are individual for any specific bond). 8 Here, it is assumed that the refractive index of these polyester-ure-thanes will be comparatively insensitive to the chemical changes that occur during degradation, since the over-all chemical structure of the remaining film would still be characteristic of the polyester-urethane; however, Biodeterior. Microbial oxidation reduces the number of carbonyl-groups due to the formation of carboxylic acids. Biodegradation dynamics of polymer-starch composites. A., Noman, M., et al. Environ. (2007). The Rhodococcus sp. Vega, R. E., Main, T., and Howard, G. T. (1999). Degradation and defect evolution in GaN-based UV LEDs under 3 MeV proton irradiation were throughly investigated in this work. Sci. U.S.A. 115, E4350E4357. Trans. Environ. Biodegradation of polyesters containing aromatic constituents. Polym. doi: 10.1016/S0964-8305(02)00051-3, Howard, G. T., and Blake, R. C. (1998). Microplastics in the marine environment: a review of the methods used for identification and quantification. doi: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.06.011, Eberl, A., Heumann, S., Brueckner, T., Araujo, R., Cavaco-Paulo, A., Kaufmann, F., et al. doi: 10.1016/0079-6700(90)90027-X, Albertsson, A. C., and Karlsson, S. (1993). Polymers 10:423. doi: 10.3390/polym10040423, Rbsam, K., Weber, L., Jakob, F., and Schwaneberg, U. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.06.003, Gajendiran, A., Krishnamoorthy, S., and Abraham, J. Amylase was found to have a co-metabolic behavior and hydrolyzed the primary specific substrate (starch) as well as PE molecules. (2012a). Sci. Biodeterior. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Chem. There are many different types of esterase, which differ in their protein structure, substrate specificity, and biological functions. Tech. In vitro degradation of low-density polyethylene by new bacteria from larvae of the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria melonella. Bull. H. E.-D. Saleh, London: InTech. 91, 11051116. J. Polym. Geuskens (London: Wiley), 2341. As a result of blister formation and subsequent breakage, coating gloss was lost before any pigments were exposed in the coating. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00062, Haines, J. R., and Alexander, M. (1974). Montazer et al. The use of the blends facilitates adhesion of the microorganisms to the surface of the polymer and acts as a co-metabolite (Cacciari et al., 1993; Zuchowska et al., 1998; Ramis et al., 2004; Kaczmarek et al., 2005; Morancho et al., 2006). Biodegrad. Environ. 63, 335342. Introduction At present, polyurethane coatings are the predominant type of topcoat used in the aircraft industry. The physical arrangement of the polymer chains in LDPE and a lower content of vinylidene defects, which have been shown to be directly correlated with oxidization of the polymer makes it more biodegradable than High-density polyethylene (HDPE). Libyan Agric. Stab. (2005). Hydrolysis of plant cuticle by plant pathogens. PUs also finds use in adhesives, insulation, coats, tires, sponges, paints, and fibers (Howard, 2002; Zheng et al., 2005; Shah et al., 2008). PS has been grouped into four types of product based on its different applications, General purpose polystyrene (GPPS)/oriented polystyrene (OPS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), PS foam, and expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam (Ho et al., 2018). Microorganisms capable of recalcitrant petro-plastics degradation. Oxidation of ethylene glycol by a salt requiring bacterium. 43, 564570. Sci. doi: 10.1016/S0377-0427(03)00551-X, Webb, H. K., Arnott, J., Crawford, R. J., and Ivanova, E. P. (2013). (2018b). Petroleum-derived (petro-)polymers such as polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyurethane (PU), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are extremely recalcitrant to natural biodegradation pathways. The degradation of the commercially available standard PET film (pure and amorphous PET) at 50C was found significantly lower (approximately 5%), however, the degradation increased with high temperatures (55, 60, and 65C) to more than 30% (Oda et al., 2018). Compostability of polymers. 86, 483491. From the point of view of enzymatic degradation, petro-polymers can be classified in two groups; hydrolysable (PET and PUR) and non-hydrolysable (PE, PS, PP, and PVC). The degradation rate of PET films depends on the crystallinity, purity of films and orientation of the polymer chains. Microbial degradation of high-molecular-weight alkanes. Environ. PET is used in a wide-variety of applications, such as in manufacturing bottles, containers, textile fibers, and films. F. Ylmaz (Rijeka: InTech), 134. Int. (1991). Very few studies of PP biodegradation have been reported (Table 2). Polym. Further analyses of the genes and/or gene products (enzymes) that hydrolyze the high molecular weight petro-plastic polymers may lead to greater understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of biodegradation. Further, many strains of Pseudomonas have been reported to degrade a wide-range of recalcitrant compounds and/or plastics such as PE, PS, PP, and PVC (Giacomucci et al., 2019). J. Degrad. Bioremed. doi: 10.2298/JSC121216051N, Nowak, B., Paja, K. J., Drozd-Bratkowicz, M., and Rymarz, G. (2011). ACS Symp. Turbidimetric analysis of the enzymatic hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate nanoparticles. Damage characteristics produced by insect pests in packaging film. strain E4 were shown to play an important role in biodegradation of a non-oxidized LMWPE (Yoon et al., 2012). Polym. 101, 72587264. 49:12080. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02661, Yang, Y., Yang, J., Wu, W. M., Zhao, J., Song, Y., Gao, L., et al.

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